Vineyards and Vaqueros: Indian Labor and the Economic Expansion of Southern California, 1771–1877 (Volume 1) (Before Gold: California under Spain and Mexico Series)
George Harwood Phillips explores Indian labor and the economic expansion of Southern California from 1771 to 1877. As the opening volume of the Before Gold series, this historical study considers the region’s development under Spain and Mexico and the changing structures that shaped its economy.
About This Book
Vineyards and Vaqueros examines Indian labor and the economic expansion of Southern California between 1771 and 1877.
The book covers a period shaped by Spanish and Mexican rule and the development of regional agricultural and labor systems.
As Volume 1 in the Before Gold: California under Spain and Mexico series, it places Southern California’s economic history within a broader historical framework.
Written by George Harwood Phillips, this volume focuses on the relationship between Indigenous labor and the growth of the region’s economy.
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